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A TEXTBOOK OF ELEMENTARY QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS BY CARL J. ENGELDER, Pn. D. PROFESSOR OF ANALYTICAL CHKMISTRY UNIVKRSITY OF PITTSBURGH THIRD EDITION NEW YORK JOHN WILEY SONS, INC. LONDON CHAPMAN HALL, LIMITED LONDON CHAPMAN HALL, LIMITED PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION A number of important and radical changes have been made in this, the third edition of this Textbook of Elementary Qualita tive Analysis. The theory, in Part I, has been considerably expanded and the more important and generally accepted modern concepts have been introduced. The sections dealing with the various phases of the fundamental background of equilibrium theory have been arranged, with accompanying review exercises, to provide weekly assignments throughout the semesters work. Part II deals with the reactions of the cations. Here two impor tant changes have been made. First, under the heading of each cation, the characteristic properties and reactions of the ion have been discussed. This is followed by instructions for carrying out preliminary experiments. Second, procedures for the separation and identifications of ions of the several groups and subgroups have been inserted. These procedures are intended to provide practice in the analysis of known mixtures within the various groups Pro cedures for the analysis of unknowns have accordingly been shifted to a later portion of the book. Part III, on the reactions of the anions, utilizes a new grouping of anions, based on the systematic anion procedure originally developed by Dobbins and Ljung at the University of North Carolina. The author takes this opportunity of acknowledging the service rendered to anion chemistry by these original investiga tors. The treatment of the anion portion of this book follows the general plan of presentation used for the cations, in that descriptive material, preliminary experiments and practice analyses are provided. Systematic analysis is presented in Part IV. The procedures provide instructions for the detection of ions in samples ranging in complexity from simple anion and cation mixtures to the more complicated types of solid salt mixtures. Anion procedures pre cede cation procedures, thus anticipating a minimum of inter ference. vi PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION The author will be grateful for comments and errors which readers will bring to his notice. CARL J. ENGELDER Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania December, 1941 PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION This Textbook of Elementary Qualitative Analysis is an out growth of mimeographed notes in use in the authors classes during the past five years. In preparing this text the writer has had the following purposes in mind 1 to present the theoretical principles in a manner easily understood and applied by the beginning student 2 to outline groups of preliminary experiments which demonstrate the properties of the metallic and non-metallic ions that are of importance in analytical procedures 3 to simplify the procedures for anion analysis and for systematic analysis and 4 to supply throughout the text sets of exercises and questions designed to direct the students efforts toward a better understand ing of the subject. The aim has been to train the student in logical, independent thinking rather than to teach him specific details of routine analysis. The fundamental principles of qualitative analysis and the theory of reactions are given in Part I and later elaborated hi the procedures of analysis and applied to specific cases. The theory has been treated from the standpoint cf ionization and chemical equilibrium. fets of review exercises in the form of questions, problems, and the writing of equations and schemes are placed at suitable inter vals throughout the theoretical and experimental portions of the text and have proven a valuable aid to both student and instructor. They should constitute a part of the students written work and may well serve as a basis for classroom discussion
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A Textbook Of Elementary Qualitative Analysis
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